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tide gauge

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tide gauge 測潮計。

測潮計。 “tide“ 中文翻譯：   n. 1.潮，潮汐，漲潮時。 2.消長，盛衰。 3.潮流 ...“gauge“ 中文翻譯：   n. 1.規，量規，量器，量計，表。 2.標準尺寸，標準 ...“acoustic tide gauge“ 中文翻譯：   回聲驗潮儀“automatic recording tide gauge“ 中文翻譯：   自動潮位記錄計“automatic tide gauge“ 中文翻譯：   自動潮汐表; 自動驗潮儀; 自記潮泣計; 自記潮位計; 自記潮汐計“box tide-gauge“ 中文翻譯：   箱形驗潮儀“deep sea tide gauge“ 中文翻譯：   深海驗潮儀“float tide gauge“ 中文翻譯：   浮子式驗潮儀; 干簧管液位傳感器“float-operated tide gauge“ 中文翻譯：   浮動潮標計“float-type tide gauge“ 中文翻譯：   浮子式驗潮儀“floating type tide gauge“ 中文翻譯：   浮式檢潮儀“hydrographic tide gauge“ 中文翻譯：   水文測量潮汐計“portable automatic tide gauge“ 中文翻譯：   便攜式自動潮汐計; 便攜自動水位計“portable pressure tide gauge“ 中文翻譯：   便攜式水壓驗潮儀“pre ure tide gauge,“ 中文翻譯：   壓力式驗潮儀“pressure tide gauge“ 中文翻譯：   壓力測潮儀; 壓力潮位計; 壓力式驗潮儀“recording tide gauge“ 中文翻譯：   記錄式潮汐計; 自記潮位計; 自記潮位儀計; 自記驗潮儀“self-recording tide gauge“ 中文翻譯：   自記驗潮儀“staff tide gauge“ 中文翻譯：   視距測波儀“tide gauge station“ 中文翻譯：   檢潮所“tide gauge well“ 中文翻譯：   驗潮井“tide-gauge station“ 中文翻譯：   潮汐觀測站; 驗潮站；潮位站“wave and tide gauge“ 中文翻譯：   波潮壓力計; 波浪“pas-purging pressure tide gauge“ 中文翻譯：   排氣壓力驗潮儀“step resistance type tide gauge“ 中文翻譯：   分級電阻式潮汐計

tide rock

Mr yeung said , “ regional climate change study is a key area of work of the hong kong observatory . “ besides , as crustal movement would affect sea level measurement , the hong kong observatory in co - operation with the lands department and hong kong polytechnic university has started to make measurement of the vertical ground movement at tide gauge stations , using satellite - based global positioning system techniques , since 2004 . the data will support long term sea level change studies in future 楊繼興表示：研究本地區氣候變化是香港天文臺工作重點之一。此外，由于地殼移動可能對海面水位測定有影響，香港天文臺與地政總署及香港理工大學合作由二四年起利用全球定位系統衛星技術，定期測量測潮站所在地殼的升降情況，支援日后本港長期海平面變化的研究。

A tsunami that enters the south china sea through the luzon strait would lose energy and weaken when passing over the shallow water over the continental shelf . since automatic tide gauges were installed in hong kong in the early 1950s , the hong kong observatory has detected tsunamis on four occasions , caused respectively by an earthquake in kamchatka in 1952 , an earthquake in chile in 1960 , another earthquake in chile in 1985 and an earthquake in luzon strait in 1988 . the amplitude of the tsunami recorded in hong kong was less than 0 . 5 metre in all these events 自一九五零年代初香港安裝了自動潮汐監測站以來，香港天文臺共錄得四次海嘯，引發這些海嘯的地震分別為一九五二年發生在堪察加的一個地震、一九六零年發生在智利的一個地震、一九八五年發生在智利的另一個地震及一九八八年發生在呂宋海峽的一個地震，這四次海嘯在香港所引起的水位異常都少于0

Among these tide gauge stations , the station at north point measured the sea level of victoria harbour from 1954 to 1985 . the station continued collecting sea level data after relocation to quarry bay in 1986 . to date , more than 50 years of data have been collected which is the longest and most complete tidal record in hong kong 香港天文臺在全港多處地點設有測潮站測量海面高度，其中在北角的測潮站提供了一九五四至一九八五年維多利亞港的水位資料，測潮站在一九八六年移至魚涌繼續運作，至今所收集的數據長達五十年，是香港最長及最完整的水位記錄。

Based on the research of intertidal flat topography measure at home and abroad , this article avoids some problems troublesome , such as the dependence of the station of tide gauging , precise match of images and so on . first , we monitor soil water content of intertidal flat through building correlation model between soil water content of intertidal flat and landsat tm data , then we analyse the correlation between soil water content and topography of intertidal flat , last , we extract topography of intertidal flat combining with gis 本文在總結國內外潮灘地形測量研究的基礎上，避開對潮位站的依賴和影像精配準問題，以江蘇大豐港堤附近淤泥質潮灘為研究區域，通過遙感方法建立潮灘土壤水分與tu光譜值的定量數學模型，提取潮灘土壤含水量信息，然后通過潮灘土壤水分與地形的定量關系，結合gis技術反演潮灘地形。

Then the origin vertical shift of cnhd85 with respect to whd is calculated from geopotentials . and the systematic difference and its distribution of cnhd85 is analyzed from the difference of height anomalies . at last , the systematic difference of the mean sea level at qingdao tide gauge is further testified from the sea surface topography model 然后基于位理論方法求出了1985國家高程基準點的垂直偏差，基于高程異常差分析了1985國家高程基準的系統差及其分布規律，最后基于海面地形模型進一步揭示了青島驗潮站平均海平面的系統差。

Among these tide gauge stations , the station at north point measured the sea level of victoria harbour from 1954 to 1985 . the station continued collecting sea level data after relocation to quarry bay in 1986 . to date , more than 50 years of data have been collected which is the longest and most complete tidal record in hong kong 香港天文臺在全港多處地點設有測潮站測量海面高度，其中在北角的測潮站提供了一九五四至一九八五年維多利亞港的水位資料，測潮站在一九八六年移至?魚涌繼續運作，至今所收集的數據長達五十年，是香港最長及最完整的水位記錄。

Besides , as crustal movement would affect sea level measurement , the hong kong observatory in co - operation with the lands department and hong kong polytechnic university has started to make measurement of the vertical ground movement at tide gauge stations , using satellite - based global positioning system techniques , since 2004 . the data will support long term sea level change studies in future 此外，由于地殼移動可能對海面水位測定有影響，香港天文臺與地政總署及香港理工大學合作由二四年起利用全球定位系統衛星技術，定期測量測潮站所在地殼的升降情況，支援日后本港長期海平面變化的研究。

This method is better than the traditional method that relates the divergence of sediment transport rate to the deposition rate . the output of the tidal modelling reaches the required precision according to a comparison between the calculated tidal amplitudes / phases and the observed ones at 42 coastal tide gauge stations 潮汐潮流的模擬計算結果與沿岸42個潮汐測站的實測值結果對比達到了精度的要求，同時，計算得到的各分潮同潮圖與實測結果相符。

First , the defmation and status of height datums is introduced and some problems on the local height datums established by the mean sea level , which is defined by the tide gauge data , are discussed . then the research progresses in recent years are analysed 首先介紹了高程基準的定義與現狀，指出了用驗潮站長期平均海平面建立局部高程基準所存在的問題；分析了當今國內外高程基準的研究現狀；進一步明確了我國高程基準現代化的必要性。

The geoid is used to be regarded as the theoretic global vertical reference . the actual national height references are regional mean sea levels determined by tide gauge station . the difference between them is apparent 大地水準面作為全球高程測量的理論基準面，在現實工作中，國家或者地區高程系統的起算面是利用驗潮方法來確定局部平均海平面的，兩者之間的差距是顯而易見的。

Adding the first direct measurement of tsunami amplitude , which reached scientists from a tide gauge station at cocos island about three and a half hours after the earthquake occurred , improved the results dramatically 但若加入第一次直接測量的海嘯振幅（地震發生后三個半小時從哥斯大黎加可可斯群島的驗潮儀傳回的資料） ，模型運算結果大幅改善。

The observatory maintains a network of tide gauges to provide information on tides , mean sea levels and storm surges . storm surges are also forecast via a numerical model ：天文臺設有一個潮汐測量站網絡以提供潮汐、平均海平面和風暴潮的資料，并利用電腦數值模式來預測風暴潮。

But for previous major tsunamis , scientists just had measurements that tide gauges recorded near the coast or that surveyors later estimated from water damage on land 但相對于過去的大海嘯，科學家只能得到驗潮儀在岸邊記錄到的測量值，或是勘測員事后依陸地毀壞程度所做的估測值。

The observatory maintains a network of tide gauges to provide information on tides , mean sea levels and storm surges . storm surges are also forecast via a numerical model ：天文臺設有一個潮汐測量站網絡以提供潮汐平均海平面和風暴潮的資料，并利用電腦數值模式來預測風暴潮。

Therefore , another method is proposed , which is to survey at the tide gauge by gps firstly , then to combine the coordinates of the tide gauge with itrf 鑒于此，提出了利用高精度gps定位技術對驗潮站進行聯測，以確定海平面絕對變化信息的方法。

In fact , the transformation and unification of the local height datums have relations to the mean sea level variation at the shore where the tide gauges are located 局部高程基準的轉換與統一，不得不涉及沿海各主要驗潮站平均海平面的變化。

According to the hong kong observatory s tidal records at the tai po kau tide gauge station , the highest sea level was 2 . 94 metres above chart datum on that day 根據香港天文臺大埔?測潮站的記錄，當日的最高水位為海圖基準面以上2 . 94米。

Seismometers , tide gauges and other detection instruments now being deployed will make the next tsunami , if not the next earthquake , come as less of a surprise 地震儀、驗潮儀及其他監測儀器正在積極部署，以防止下次海嘯的發生。

Considering the effect of the crustal vertical motion , the absolute variation cannot be drawn only using the tide gauge data 由于驗潮站所在陸地垂直運動的影響，僅利用驗潮站結果，無法獲得海平面的絕對變化信息。